周
四，中国正式任命中共中央总书记习近平为国家主席，并任命一位从过往记录看属温和改革派的官员为国家副主席。这标志着中国10年一次的高层领导换届就要进入尾声。中国全国人民代表大会表决通过了对习近平的任命。中国全国人大是一个类似橡皮图章的议会机构，总是支持中共做出的各项决策。此举仅仅是一个形式。去年11月习近平已经被任命为中共中央总书记，这令他成为紧紧控制中国政治权力的中共最高领导人。
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中国国家副主席通常也会担任中共中央政治局常委。中央政治局常务委员会是中国最高决策机构。李源潮此次被任命为国家副主席令他在2017年成为政治局常委的可能性大大增加。
中国全国人大同时选举产生张德江为人大常委会委员长。张德江目前是中共中央政治局常委。
中国预计将在周五任命新一任国务院总理。普遍预计目前担任国务院副总理的李克强将成为新一任总理。
习近平当选国家主席之际，中国正在努力应对一系列问题。这些问题包括经济不平衡、贫富差距过大以及伴随中国崛起为经济和政治强国而出现的无处不在的官员腐败、食品和环境问题等。未来几天，中国还将任命各部级单位和监管机构负责人，届时可能会为外界了解中国新领导人的改革决心提供更多线索。经济学家和中国国内外人士都说，中国只有改革才能维持经济增长。
自从去年11月接任中共中央总书记以来，习近平发表了一系列强有力的反腐言论，民众因此期望能出台彻底的改革举措。但鉴于中国领导人倾向于达成共识，且既得利益者愿维持现状，目前不清楚他推进改革的力度有多大，也不知这些举措是否会有效。
习近平的父亲是知名革命领袖。去年11月以来，习近平迅速行动，以巩固他在军队中获得的支持。他在参观军事单位时，强调部队要做好战斗准备，并直接过问中日岛屿之争中军事和民事行动的升级。该岛屿地处东中国海(East China Sea，中国称东海)，为日本所控制。
中共党内人士和分析人士认为，习近平属于中国高层领导人中改革愿望比较强烈的，并且被认为与刚刚卸任的国家主席胡锦涛关系密切。中国新一届中共中央政治局常委会的委员主要是另一位中国前领导人江泽民的门生和支持者。分析人士说，维持派系力量的平衡是中共维稳的关键。
香港城市大学(City University of Hong Kong.)政治学教授郑宇硕(Joseph Cheng)说，这在很大程度上是平衡派系利益的一种象征性姿态，是对年轻领导人和所谓改革派的一个安慰。
习近平在全国人大会议上以2,952票赞成、1票反对、3票弃权当选国家主席。
Carlos Tejada / Brian Spegele
（更新完成）
（本文版权归道琼斯公司所有，未经许可不得翻译或转载。）
China formally appointed Communist Party chief Xi Jinping as the nation's president on Thursday, and an official with a track record of moderate reform as vice president, marking the beginning of the end of China's once-a-decade leadership change.
Mr. Xi was approved in a vote by China's National People's Congress, a rubber-stamp legislature that endorses decisions made by the Communist party. The move was a formality--Mr. Xi in November was named general-secretary of the Communist Party, making him the top official in the organization that keeps a tight grip on China's political power.
The congress also appointed Li Yuanchao, formerly the chief of the party's powerful Organization Department, as vice president. The Organization Department controls party personnel matters. He advocated incremental governance reforms while serving as party chief in recent years in the eastern province of Jiangsu.
The vice president normally holds a seat on the party's Politburo Standing Committee, its top decision-making body, and Mr. Li's appointment makes him a front-runner for elevation to the top governing body in 2017.
The congress also elected Zhang Dejiang, a member of the Communist Party's ruling Politburo Standing Committee, as its chairman.
China on Friday is expected name its new premier, a move widely expected to result in the elevation of Vice Premier Li Keqiang.
Mr. Xi comes into office as China grapples with problems ranging from economic imbalances, a wide wealth gap, pervasive official corruption and food and environmental issues that have accompanied its rise as an economic and political power. Appointments in coming days to China's top ministries and regulatory agencies could provide additional clues into how strongly the nation's new leadership will commit to reforms that economists and others both inside and outside the country say are needed to sustain growth.
Through a series of strong statements on corruption and waste since his November appointment, Mr. Xi has raised public expectations of overhauls. But it isn't clear how strongly he will pursue reform or how effective such efforts would be, given China's consensus-driven leadership and entrenched interests protecting the status quo.
Mr. Xi, whose father was a famous revolutionary leader, has moved quickly since November to consolidate his support among the armed forces, stressing combat readiness on visits to military units and taking direct charge of an escalation of military and civilian operations over disputed islands controlled by Japan in the East China Sea.
Mr. Li is viewed by party insiders and analysts as being among the more reform-minded of China's top leadership, and is believed to have close ties to the outgoing president, Hu Jintao. China's new standing committee is largely dominated by proteges and supporters of another former Chinese leader, Jiang Zemin. Analysts say balancing the power of factions is key to the party maintaining stability.
'This is a very symbolic gesture of balancing factional interests,' said Joseph Cheng, a political science professor at City University of Hong Kong. 'It's a reassurance to the younger leaders and so-called reformers.'
At the congress, Mr. Xi received 2,952 votes in favor, with one against and three abstentions.
Carlos Tejada / Brian Spegele
Mr. Xi was approved in a vote by China's National People's Congress, a rubber-stamp legislature that endorses decisions made by the Communist party. The move was a formality--Mr. Xi in November was named general-secretary of the Communist Party, making him the top official in the organization that keeps a tight grip on China's political power.
The congress also appointed Li Yuanchao, formerly the chief of the party's powerful Organization Department, as vice president. The Organization Department controls party personnel matters. He advocated incremental governance reforms while serving as party chief in recent years in the eastern province of Jiangsu.
The vice president normally holds a seat on the party's Politburo Standing Committee, its top decision-making body, and Mr. Li's appointment makes him a front-runner for elevation to the top governing body in 2017.
The congress also elected Zhang Dejiang, a member of the Communist Party's ruling Politburo Standing Committee, as its chairman.
China on Friday is expected name its new premier, a move widely expected to result in the elevation of Vice Premier Li Keqiang.
Mr. Xi comes into office as China grapples with problems ranging from economic imbalances, a wide wealth gap, pervasive official corruption and food and environmental issues that have accompanied its rise as an economic and political power. Appointments in coming days to China's top ministries and regulatory agencies could provide additional clues into how strongly the nation's new leadership will commit to reforms that economists and others both inside and outside the country say are needed to sustain growth.
Through a series of strong statements on corruption and waste since his November appointment, Mr. Xi has raised public expectations of overhauls. But it isn't clear how strongly he will pursue reform or how effective such efforts would be, given China's consensus-driven leadership and entrenched interests protecting the status quo.
Mr. Xi, whose father was a famous revolutionary leader, has moved quickly since November to consolidate his support among the armed forces, stressing combat readiness on visits to military units and taking direct charge of an escalation of military and civilian operations over disputed islands controlled by Japan in the East China Sea.
Mr. Li is viewed by party insiders and analysts as being among the more reform-minded of China's top leadership, and is believed to have close ties to the outgoing president, Hu Jintao. China's new standing committee is largely dominated by proteges and supporters of another former Chinese leader, Jiang Zemin. Analysts say balancing the power of factions is key to the party maintaining stability.
'This is a very symbolic gesture of balancing factional interests,' said Joseph Cheng, a political science professor at City University of Hong Kong. 'It's a reassurance to the younger leaders and so-called reformers.'
At the congress, Mr. Xi received 2,952 votes in favor, with one against and three abstentions.
Carlos Tejada / Brian Spegele
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