2013年7月25日

中国政府对薄熙来提出相对较轻的指控 China Appears to Pursue Relatively Narrow Charges Against Bo Xilai

国政府对已被罢免的政治领导人薄熙来提出的指控似乎相对较轻,这暗示领导层显然试图限制这宗中共数十年来最大丑闻的政治影响。

据新华社(Xinhua)报道,薄熙来因涉嫌受贿、贪污和滥用职权被提起公诉。报道说,薄熙来使国家和人民的利益遭受重大损失。薄熙来曾被视为中共一个高层职位的人选。

对薄熙来的指控意味着一场揭露中共最高层队伍中被指谋杀、腐败和暗斗的大戏即将落下帷幕。新华社说,薄熙来在济南市某法院被提起公诉。报道没有说具体审理日期。据一位直接了解此案的人本周早些时候说,审理时间或在8月初至8月中旬期间。

新华社没有提供有关薄熙来所面临指控的细节。一些政治分析人士说,起诉书最令人感兴趣的部分就是领导层含而未露的内容。起诉书也没有提及薄熙来曾面临的一些最严重的指控,其中包括去年中共指控薄熙来在担任重庆市市委书记期间对他妻子谷开来谋杀英国商人海伍德(Neil Heywood)一事负有一定责任。谷开来去年已被定罪。他还曾被指滥用权力打击商人和排除异己。

Yuan Feng/XJB/ChinaFotoPress
图片:薄熙来的这些年
据消息人士透露,中国当局准备近期开庭审理薄熙来案。本图集回顾了自2001年来令薄熙来广受关注的一些事件。
北京人民大学(Renmin University)政治学者张鸣说,薄熙来案最严重的问题是打黑。他指的是薄熙来实施的广泛细致的重庆反腐运动。批评者指出在这次运动中他的政府滥用法律排除异己。张鸣指出,周四公布的起诉书甚至没有提到这个罪行。

张鸣说,中共领导人似乎试图限制薄熙来一案的影响。薄熙来的领导力以及他对根除犯罪和腐败的承诺曾使他在有大约3,000万人口的重庆赢得了广泛拥护。

但政治分析人士说,起诉书中对于薄熙来是如何滥用职权的表述模糊,这意味着在案件审理过程中领导层可以加重或者减轻对他的指控程度。新加坡国立大学(National University of Singapore)研究中国政治精英的学者薄智跃说,如果你在诉讼之初就提供了太多细节,那你就会把自己束缚在一个特定方向上了。他说,尽管中共官员仍有很大的回旋余地,但新华社的报道显示出核心领导人之间至少就如何处理此案达成了基本共识。

新华社周四披露薄熙来被提起公诉后,中国国家媒体很快发表了一系列评论文章,认为对薄熙来的公诉是中国新任国家主席习近平反腐工作的一项胜利。习近平去年11月当选中共中央总书记。在此之前,薄熙来已被免职并被拘禁。习近平上台后打击官员腐败,削减广受诟病的官员财富,并借此树立了他的声誉。

中国新闻网(China News Service)周四发表的一篇评论文章说,对薄熙来提起公诉彰显了反腐努力。文章借用习近平的话说,此举充分表明中央有力量、有胆量、有能力做到"老虎"、"苍蝇"一起打。

政治分析人士说,目前悬而未决的主要问题有,薄熙来涉嫌受贿的程度,以及他是否可以和能在多大程度上在庭审中为自己辩护。自从去年被拘禁以来,一直无法联系到薄熙来置评。

一位中共官员援引其获得的中共中央办公厅内部文件称,检方将指控薄熙来通过妻子受贿人民币2,000万元(约合320万美元)和非法挪用资金人民币500万元。相比之下,中国前铁道部长刘志军因受贿人民币6,460万元,本月早些时候被判死刑,缓期两年执行。一般来说,死缓在中国常会被减刑为终身监禁。

去年被免职之前,薄熙来是中央政治局(党内地位最高的25人)委员,而且被视为晋升中国最高决策机构中央政治局常委会的热门人选。

薄熙来与妻子谷开来被拘前,效力于薄熙来的原公安局长、其心腹王立军曾逃到美国驻成都总领事馆,向美国外交官揭发这对夫妇。他提出的指控包括,谷开来涉嫌谋杀海伍德。海伍德曾与薄家过从甚密,后被发现被毒死在重庆一个酒店房间里。

谷开来去年8月被判谋杀海伍德罪名成立,被判死刑,缓期两年执行。王立军因叛逃、滥用职权、受贿和"徇私枉法"罪去年9月被判15年有期徒刑。

Brian Spegele

(更新完成)

(本文版权归道琼斯公司所有,未经许可不得翻译或转载。)


China's government appears to be pursuing relatively narrow charges against disgraced political leader Bo Xilai, signaling an apparent attempt by leaders to limit political fallout from the Communist Party's biggest scandal in decades.

Mr. Bo, once seen as a candidate for a top position in the Chinese Communist Party, was indicted Thursday on charges of corruption, embezzlement and abuse of power, according to the official Xinhua news agency. It said Mr. Bo caused serious harm 'to the interests of the state and people.'

The indictment of Mr. Bo sets the stage for the concluding scene in a drama exposing alleged murder, corruption and infighting within the Communist Party's highest echelons. Xinhua said the trial would take place in China's eastern city of Jinan, though it didn't say when it would begin. A person with direct knowledge of the case said earlier this week that a trial would likely take place in early- to mid-August.

Xinhua provided few details of the charges facing Mr. Bo. Some political analysts said the indictment's most interesting elements lie in what leaders left unsaid. It also made no mention of some of the most serious accusations Mr. Bo has faced. They include allegations by the party last year that while he was party chief in the city of Chongqing, he bore some responsibility for the murder of British businessman Neil Heywood by his wife, Gu Kailai, who was convicted last year. He has also been accused of wantonly abusing businessmen and political opponents.

'The most serious crime committed was da hei,' said Zhang Ming, a political scientist at Renmin University in Beijing, referring to Mr. Bo's widely detailed Chongqing anticorruption campaign, under which, critics allege, his government used the courts to stifle opponents and others. 'It didn't even get mentioned' in the statement released Thursday, Mr. Zhang noted.

Mr. Zhang said party leaders appeared to be attempting to limit the fallout of proceedings against Mr. Bo, whose charisma and pledges to root out crime and corruption won him wide popularity in Chongqing, a sprawling metropolis of around 30 million people.

Still, the ambiguity about how Mr. Bo allegedly abused his power means leaders could intensify or lessen the degree of charges against him as the case proceeds, political analysts said. 'If you offer too many details in the beginning you lock yourself to a particular direction,' said Bo Zhiyue, a scholar of elite Chinese politics at the National University of Singapore. While party officials still have 'a lot of room to maneuver,' the Xinhua statement indicated at least basic agreement among core leaders on how to handle the case, he said.

Immediately after Xinhua disclosed the charges against Mr. Bo on Thursday, state media published a stream of commentaries celebrating the charges against Mr. Bo as a victory in the anticorruption efforts of new China President Xi Jinping. Mr. Xi was promoted to serve as the party's general secretary this past November after Mr. Bo's ouster and detention. He has staked his reputation on fighting official corruption and cutting down on widely despised official opulence.

A commentary released by the state-run China News Service on Thursday said the Bo charges underscored that effort. Borrowing terminology used by Mr. Xi to refer to corruption big and small, it said the move 'fully indicates central authorities possess the strength, possess the boldness and possess the ability to smash both 'tigers' and 'houseflies.''

Among major questions remaining unanswered are the extent of Mr. Bo's alleged bribe-taking and whether and to what extent he will be able to defend himself at trial, political analysts said. Mr. Bo has been unavailable for comment since his detention last year.

An internal document recently issued by the Communist Party's General Office said Mr. Bo would be tried on charges of taking 20 million yuan ($3.2 million) in bribes via his wife and embezzling CNY5 million, according to a party official who received the document. By comparison, former railways minister Liu Zhijun was sentenced earlier this month to death with a two-year reprieve, a sentence often typically commuted to life in prison, after being convicted of accepting CNY64.6 million in bribes.

Until his ouster last year, Mr. Bo was a member of the country's Politburo, which consists of the party's top 25 leaders, and was viewed as a front-runner for promotion to the narrower Politburo Standing Committee, the country's top decision making body.

He and his wife, Gu Kailai, were detained after Mr. Bo's former police chief and close confidante Wang Lijun fled to the U.S. consulate in the nearby city of Chengdu and detailed for American diplomats a litany of allegations against the couple. They included accusations of Ms. Gu's involvement in the death of Mr. Heywood, a onetime close family confidante who was found poisoned in a Chongqing hotel room.

Ms. Gu was convicted last August of Mr. Heywood's murder and sentenced to death with a two-year reprieve. Mr. Wang was sentenced in September to 15 years in prison for defection, abuse of power, bribe-taking and 'bending the law for selfish ends.'

Brian Spegele

没有评论: