印度企业家：印度应学习中国发展之道 India vs. China, Courtesy Shashi Ruia

印

度成功地挺过金融危机、经济增速堪与中国媲美、在其它国家为出口问题争得不可开交时凭借强劲的国内需求支撑了其经济发展，为此印度很是自鸣得意。

EPA

印度能源行业巨头埃萨集团董事长鲁雅

印度能源行业巨头埃萨集团(Essar Group)的董事长鲁雅(Shashi Ruia)很少在公共场合露脸。但上周五出席《印度斯坦时报》(Hindustan Times)在新德里主办的全球领袖峰会(Leadership Summit)时，他表达了与众不同的观点，基本上就上述所有问题给原本沾沾自喜的印度一顿狂批。

印度要想成为一个真正意义上的全球性国家并收获全球化的果实，就要有能力在全球市场上把自己的产品推销出去，而不仅仅是大举收购世界各地的公司。

鲁雅说，只在印度国内生产和销售产品是不够的，因为印度市场不足以维持印度的增长，我们要向其它市场进军。

鲁雅指出，中国目前是美国、北美自由贸易协定(NAFTA)区、澳大利亚和日本的首要贸易合作伙伴，这些国家和地区都在中国的东边。

鲁雅说，印度可以效仿中国，抓住机会开拓中东、非洲、欧洲和俄罗斯市场，印度要在这些市场占有自己的一席之地。

但要开拓这些市场，光有创业精神是不够的，印度应在制造和基础设施方面成为领导者，而如何在这两个领域发展印度可以向中国学习借鉴。

鲁雅飞快地说出下面一系列年化数据，对于所有认为印度和中国在新兴经济体中属于一个级别的人来说，这些应该是必读数据。

印度年产钢材6,500万吨，中国年产钢材6.5亿吨。

中国年产汽车1,100万辆，印度年产汽车200万辆。

印度和美国年度贸易总额500亿美元，中美年度贸易总额4,500亿美元。

鲁雅从两国上述差距中看到乐观的一面。他说，这正好说明印度有多大的增长潜力。

但他也抱怨印度缺乏其工业化所需的“国家发展愿景”。

他说，我们需要做出一个全国性承诺、进行全国性管理、表现出举国上下的一致决心、制定国家战略并坚持我们可以实现愿景目标的国家信念。

鲁雅的言下之意是，印度所缺乏的上述条件中国都有，而且中国正以风驰电掣的速度把印度远远落在后面。

Paul Beckett

（本文版权归道琼斯公司所有，未经许可不得翻译或转载。）

 

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There is much self-congratulation in India over how well the country survived the financial crisis, how it is rivaling China in economic growth, and how vibrant domestic demand has sustained it while other nations battle over exports.

Shashi Ruia, chairman of Essar Group, the oil-to-outsourcing conglomerate, is rarely seen on the public stage. But he delivered a refreshing balloon pop to, well, basically all of the above when he stood before the Hindustan Times Leadership Summit in New Delhi Friday.

India will only become a truly global country─and reap the rewards of globalization─when it is able to sell its own goods in the world marketplace, as opposed to just buying up companies worldwide.

It is not enough to produce and sell in India, he said, because “the Indian market alone won’t be enough to sustain India’s growth; we need to reach out to other markets.”

He noted that China is now the dominant foreign player in the U.S., the Nafta trade region, Australia and Japan─places east of its eastern border.

India’s opportunity to mimic that lies in the Middle East, Africa, Europe and Russia “where India has to go to occupy its rightful place,” Mr. Ruia said.

But to get there, Indian entrepreneurship won’t be enough─the nation needs to become a leader in manufacturing and infrastructure, two areas where it can learn from China.

He then rattled off a series of annualized comparisons that should be essential reading for anyone who believes India and China belong in the same class of emerging economies. Here they are:

India makes 65 million tons of steel, China makes 650 million.

China makes 11 million cars a year. India makes two million.

India-U.S. trade totals $50 billion. China-U.S. trade totals $450 billion.

Mr. Ruia found a positive spin: “It just reflects the potential for India’s growth.”

But he also complained of a lack of “national vision” needed for the industrialization that India requires.

“We need a national commitment, national management, a national resolve, a national strategy, a national belief we could do it,” he said.

Unspoken was the suggestion that China has all these─and, for now, is leaving India in the dust.

Paul Beckett

 

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