2010年11月21日

中国收藏界只认国货 The Problem With Chinese Works of Art

个星期,中国当代艺术品、玉器和瓷器的拍卖纪录在香港苏富比拍卖行(Sotheby's)的各次拍卖中纷纷告破。与此同时,香港的亚洲艺术博览会(Fine Art Asia)也是生意红火。博览会于上周在香港会展中心举行,展会期间,售卖中国艺术品──尤其是古董──的各家艺廊都迅速卖光了所有的货品。

不过,增长迅猛的需求已经造成了一个新的问题:存货不足。

Nicholas Grindley
亚洲艺术博览会上展出的宋朝木制观音,艺术品商格林德利说这件艺术品可以卖到45,000美元。
纽约MD Flacks艺廊带了九张古董桌椅来参展,卖掉了其中的七张。该艺廊的弗莱克斯(Marcus Flacks)说,要是你在展会之前告诉我能把货卖得一干二净,我一定会说,真那样可就太好了。而现在,我却不由得开始琢磨,怎样才能把售出货品的缺口补上。要想满足顾客的需求,你一定得有货源。需求倒是很大,货源该到哪里去找呢?

经营艺术品的商家们说,中国的新富阶层已经彻底颠覆了传统的秩序。几十年之前,人们会把艺术品带出中国大陆──有些时候还会用上不清不楚的手段──然后再卖给香港的批发商,后者则会把它们卖给西方的艺术品商。再下来,艺术品商又会把它们卖给美国和英国的殷实藏家,或者是博物馆。

然而,当初那个古董库已经宣告枯竭,主要原因是中国买家的购买兴趣。Michael Goedhuis艺廊位于伦敦,专门经营中国艺术品。该艺廊的所有人戈杜伊斯(Michael Goedhuis)说,中国人对中国艺术品的这种胃口可谓史无前例。他们无怨无悔,不留余地──什么都阻止不了他们买进。什么都阻止不了。

随着需求的飞速攀升,一些商家声称自己碰上了货源短缺的问题。戈杜伊斯说,这是个非常现实的问题。我们必须得有极度敏锐的眼光和极度聪明的头脑,才能找到艺术品货源。

艺术品商格林德利(Nicholas Grindley)在这次展会上卖掉了一张明代的黄花梨桌子,售价是200,000美元。他的话更加直接扼要,我真希望,20年前我没把那么多东西卖给博物馆。

据Victoria Communications公关公司介绍,此次亚洲艺术博览会共展出了5,000多件艺术品,从世界各地引来了18,000名访客,交易额则达到了3.2亿港元(4,126万美元),比去年多了40%。

经营中国艺术品和家具的商家生意红火,经营西方艺术品的商家却不知道买主在什么地方。

纽约的Russeck艺廊是第一次参展,该艺廊总监米瑞索拉(Bernita Mirisola)说,她带了几件价格以百万美元计的作品来参展,其中包括一幅马克•夏加尔(Marc Chagall)的画,本以为会得到中国买家的热烈追捧。结果呢,她这些高价货品一件也没卖出去。

她的展台对面是Artnet艺廊的展台,那边的情形也差不多。

Artnet的沃尔夫(Max Wolf)说,大陆买家的兴趣没我们想象的那么高。他是第一次来香港。他补充说,许多偶像级的西方艺术家至今仍然不为中国受众所知。他带了安迪•沃霍尔(Andy Warhol)和肯思•哈灵(Keith Haring)的作品来参展,以为它们是最容易得到中国受众认可的东西。然而,许多人甚至连沃霍尔那幅标志性的丝网印刷毛泽东像都认不出来。沃尔夫说,肯思•哈灵?他们根本不知道他是何方神圣。

Jason Chow
 
In Hong Kong, as records broke at Sotheby's auctions last week for Chinese contemporary works , jadeite and porcelain, the Fine Art Asia fair also saw brisk business. Galleries that offered Chinese art - specifically, antiques - sold out quickly at the fair, which took place last week in the Hong Kong Convention Centre.

But the ferocity of demand has created a new problem for dealers: Lack of inventory.

'If you told me, before this fair, that I'd sell out of everything, I'd say that was a good thing,' said Marcus Flacks of MD Flacks. The New York gallery sold seven of the nine antique chairs and tables it brought to the show. 'But now, I'm wondering how I'm ever going to replace any of these items. You have to have supply to meet demand. Demand is huge. But where are we going to find supply?'

Players in the art market said that the new riches of the Chinese wealthy class have upended the traditional order. In decades past, works would be taken from China - sometimes under dubious circumstances - and sold to wholesalers in Hong Kong, who in turn would sell them to art dealers in the Western world. Those dealers would then sell to wealthy collectors in the U.S. and U.K. as well as museums.

But that pool of antiques has dried up, thanks mostly to interest from Chinese buyers: 'This Chinese appetite for Chinese art is totally unprecedented,' said Michael Goedhuis, owner of Michael Goedhuis, a London gallery that specializes in Chinese art. 'It's remorseless, relentless - nothing is stopping them from buying. Nothing.'

And with demand skyrocketing, some dealers say they're facing a supply shortage. 'It's a real problem,' said Mr. Goedhuis. 'We have to be extremely astute and clever to find works.'

Nicholas Grindley, another gallerist who sold a Ming table made of the rare huanghuali wood for US$200,000 at the Fine Art fair, put it more succinctly: 'I wish I [hadn't sold] so much to museums 20 years ago.'

The fine art fair, which showcased more than 5,000 works of art, and drew 18,000 visitors from around the world, recorded HK$320 million (US$41.26 million) in sales, 40% higher than last year, according to Victoria Communications, a public-relations firm.

While those selling Chinese art and furniture did brisk business at the fair, Western art dealers wondered where the buyers were.

For her gallery's first exhibit at the fair, Bernita Mirisola, the director of Russeck Gallery in New York, said she brought a couple of 'million-dollar pieces' including a work by Marc Chagall, in anticipation of huge demand from Chinese buyers. However, none of her big ticket items sold, she said.

Across the room at the Artnet booth, it was a similar theme.

'We haven't seen as much interest [from] mainlanders like we thought we'd see,' said Artnet's Max Wolf, who was in Hong Kong for the first time. He added that many iconic Western artists are still unknown to Chinese audiences. He brought works by Andy Warhol and Keith Haring thinking they'd be the most accessible to the Chinese audience. But many didn't recognize even the iconic Warhol screen prints of Mao Zedong. 'Keith Haring? It was lost on them.'

Jason Chow
 

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