2011年2月21日

巴菲特将分红 还是不分红

巴菲特将分红 还是不分红
2011年02月19日 01:07  第一财经日报

  约翰・海恩斯

  对待分红,巴菲特的态度是既爱又恨,他很喜欢收到红利,但极不愿意分掉它们。

  这位亿万富翁的控股公司——伯克希尔・哈撒韦里挤满了奉行分红政策的忠实拥趸,诸如可口可乐公司、强生公司、宝洁公司等等。许多伯克希尔・哈撒韦控股的大公司都在不断提高出息率,持续分红至少有25年的历史,它们也因此被称为分红贵族。

  然而,在分红一事上,伯克希尔・哈撒韦自身却被视为小气鬼的化身。自上世纪60年代巴菲特控制公司以来,它从未向股东们分过一分钱的红利。

  这一习惯将会发生变化吗?一些巴菲特的观察者是这样认为的。他们指出,伯克希尔・哈撒韦的保险柜里已塞满了大量的现金,而且这位奥马哈的圣贤已开始进入衰老的年龄。但是,巴菲特先生这些年来在公开场合的言论却暗示,分红是几乎不可能的,至少在当他还掌着舵盘时。

  分红的推测因最近发表在巴伦上的一篇文章而再次流传开来,这篇文章讲,2011年年底时,伯克希尔・哈撒韦的核心保险业务可能将积累多达500亿美元的现金。更好的消息是,由于2009年对伯灵顿铁路公司(Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corp。)的兼并,以及金融危机时的一些明智交易,伯克希尔・哈撒韦营运收益今年将破历史纪录。

  “涌入的现金潮水或许会促使伯克希尔・哈撒韦公司在未来的12至18个月里最终开始一次现金分红,尤其是如果80岁的巴菲特不能找到他自己所称的‘大象’,或是大额的兼并对象时。”巴伦上的文章这样称。

  适度的分红,比如2%的收益,也可以对巴菲特的继任者在对公司的利润再投资时减少一些压力。

  基本的变化在开始发生?

  如果伯克希尔・哈撒韦公司真的开始分红,它将是一个对巴菲特投资哲学的基本背离。巴菲特一直维持这样的观点,只要他的再投资能够取得合理的回报时,最好就是保留住现金。

  “我们不分红,因为我们认为我们能够将我们赚到的每1元钱去赚更多的钱。”巴菲特在1997年的股东大会上这样讲过,“假如我们的结论是我们无法做到这样,我们就应该把利润分给你们。”

  在2008年的股东大会上,他也传达了相同的信息,“分红的标准是,‘你能否用你留住的1元钱去创造比1元钱更大的价值?’我们希望能把1元的资本移到一个价值1.2元的地方。”考虑到上述声明,巴菲特的观察者们对分红“已在路上了”的期待,也心存疑虑。

  “我几乎读遍了市面上所有关于巴菲特的书。我阅读了他的所有年度报告和相关信息,甚至每一篇演讲,只要我能找到的东西。”位于多伦多的3G资本管理的合伙人帕韦尔・贝根这样讲。他的结论是,“如果他要分红,我会吃惊的。因为如果你看一看他在过去这些年所说的话,你就会相信他仍然会认为,希望他们找到再投资的机会,并取得好的回报,是合理的指望,而不是相反,将利润分给股东。”

  回购是可能的

  如果巴菲特要将现金分给股东,可能的做法是回购股票。巴菲特也这样说过。但是,他这样做的前提是除非股票的交易价格远在其内在价值之下。在2000年时,巴菲特曾考虑过这样做,“但是,在这个打算宣布后,股票上升,机会就消失了。”贝根讲。

  在某个时点上,伯克希尔・哈撒韦公司有可能变得特别大,以至于无法找到好的机会来投放它的现金。或者,巴菲特的继任者在寻找投资机会时缺乏他那样的经验。在那样的时点上,分红或许是讲得通的,但是,那个时点尚未到来,贝根讲。

  BVC资产管理公司的总裁托尼・德玛宁也对此同样表示怀疑。他认为,分红一开始实施就会成为信号,暗示巴菲特的奇迹将不再,这或将会重击伯克希尔・哈撒韦公司的股票,因为投资者将降低他们对公司成长的预期。

  尽管在过去的两年里,市场已有两位数的回报,“我看不出来他无法再次在市场上找到价值所在,”德玛宁讲,“他总是相信在有些地方有低估的股票。他具有这样的能力。这就是他谋生的手段。他不是在做抚慰短线投资者的生意。”

  斯提夫尔・尼古拉斯公司的分析师梅耶・希尔德斯也对分红的看法泼了冷水。假如伯克希尔・哈撒韦公司实施分红,“我们预期投资者将会解读为,这就是认同伯克希尔・哈撒韦公司将不能重复它过往的盈利和净值成长记录,使低于历史平均估值合理化。”在给客户的通信中希尔德斯这样写道。(编译:股票估值网 吴君亮)


http://www.theglobeandmail.com/globe-investor/investment-ideas/dividends/warren-buffett-will-he-or-wont-he-pay-a-dividend/article1885531/

 

Warren Buffett: Will he or won’t he pay a dividend?

JOHN HEINZL | Columnist profile | E-mail
From Friday's Globe and Mail
Published Thursday, Jan. 27, 2011 6:21PM EST
Last updated Friday, Jan. 28, 2011 10:15AM

Warren Buffett has a love-hate relationship with dividends: He loves collecting them, but hates paying them.

The billionaire investor’s holding company, Berkshire Hathaway Inc.,(BRK.B-N85.050.120.14%) is stuffed with dividend-paying stalwarts such as Coca-Cola Co., Johnson & Johnson, and Procter & Gamble Co. Many of Berkshire’s biggest holdings are so-called dividend aristocrats, which have paid rising dividends for at least 25 consecutive years.

Yet Berkshire itself is a model of stinginess, having never paid a penny in dividends to shareholders since Mr. Buffett took control in the mid-1960s.

Is that about to change? Some Buffett watchers think so, pointing to the enormous sums of cash piling up in Berkshire’s coffers and the Oracle of Omaha’s advancing age. But Mr. Buffett’s public comments over the years suggests a dividend is highly unlikely, at least while he is at the helm.

The dividend speculation was fuelled by a recent Barron’s article, which said Berkshire’s core insurance operations could be sitting on nearly $50-billion (U.S.) in cash by the end of 2011. What’s more, Berkshire’s operating profit is poised to hit record levels this year, helped by the 2009 acquisition of Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corp. and some savvy deals during the financial crisis.

“The flood of cash could prompt Berkshire to finally start paying a cash dividend in the next 12 to 18 months, particularly if the 80-year-old Buffett is unable to find what he calls an ‘elephant’, or large acquisition,” Barron’s said.

Paying a “modest” dividend, likely yielding less than 2 per cent, would also “take some pressure off [Mr. Buffett’s] successors to invest the company’s profits.”

Berkshire's “B” shares climbed to $83.03 from $80.45 over the past four trading sessions, partly in response to the rumours.

Radical Change Afoot?

If Berkshire did start paying a dividend, it would mark a radical departure in philosophy. Mr. Buffett has always maintained that as long as he can reinvest his cash at a reasonable rate of return, it’s better to retain the money.

“We don't pay dividends because we think we can turn every dollar we make into more than a dollar in market value,” he told Berkshire’s annual meeting in 1997. “If we come to the conclusion that we can't do that, we should distribute it to you.”

He conveyed a similar message at Berkshire’s 2008 annual meeting, where he remarked: “The test on dividends is, ‘can you create more than $1 of value with the one you retain?’ … We hope to move the capital to a place where it will be worth $1.20.”

Given such pronouncements, Buffett watchers are skeptical that a dividend is in the cards.

“I’ve read pretty much every book on Buffett that’s out there. I read all the annual reports and pretty much every piece of information, every speech, whatever I could find,” says Pavel Begun, a partner with 3G Capital Management in Toronto.

His conclusion? “I’d be surprised if he pays a dividend. I will be surprised simply because if you look at what he’s said over the years, it leads me to believe that he still thinks that it’s reasonable to expect them to find opportunities to invest back in the business at a good rate of return as opposed to paying it out to shareholders.”

Buyback Possible

If Mr. Buffett wanted to return cash to shareholders, it’s possible he might buy back Berkshire shares, Mr. Begun says. But he would do that only if the stock was trading well below its “intrinsic value.” Mr. Buffett contemplated doing a buyback in 2000, but “after this intention was announced, the stock went higher and the opportunity was gone,” Mr. Begun says.

At some point, Berkshire Hathaway may get so big that it can’t find enough good opportunities to put its cash to work. Or Mr. Buffett’s successors may lack his expertise at finding attractive investments. At that point, a dividend may make sense, but we’re not there yet, Mr. Begun says.

Tony Demarin, president of BCV Asset Management in Winnipeg, is equally skeptical. Initiating a dividend would signal that Mr. Buffett can no longer work his magic, which in turn might clobber Berkshire’s stock because investors would lower their expectations for the company’s earnings growth.

Even after the market’s double-digit gains over the past two years, “I don’t see why he wouldn’t find value in today’s marketplace,” he says. “He always believes there’s undervalued securities somewhere. He has that ability. That’s what he does for a living. He’s not in the business of placating short-term investors.”

Meyer Shields, an analyst with Stifel Nicolaus, also threw cold water on the notion of a dividend.

If Berkshire initiates a dividend, “we expect investors to interpret that as an admission that the company simply cannot replicate its past track record of earnings and book value growth … clearly warranting a below-historical-average valuation,” he wrote in a note to clients.


http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_53c8e9ab0100oqbc.html

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