搁在过去，聪明能干的中国年轻人一出大学校门，就会去争抢世界最知名跨国公司明亮办公室里那几个稀少的职位。节奏缓慢、古板僵化的国有大型企业根本不具备同样的吸引力。
企业高管的选择更是不言而喻。在外企，薪酬、职业前景和机遇都是无以伦比的。但由于金融危机的缘故，现在这一切都变了。
至少，这是国际招聘咨询公司DDI近期一项管理调查的主要发现之一。该公司称：
“对跨国公司来说，遗憾的是，人才流动趋势发生了逆转。现在，加入国有企业和中国私人公司的高管越来越多。中国外企管理层的流失率一向较高，目前已攀升至比全球平均水平高出25%以上。”
对于“顶尖人才”转而青睐中资企业这一新发现，DDI列出了几项原因。
首先，外企目前正在缩减开支。即使在快速增长的中国市场，受访的跨国公司也更有可能把“降低运营成本”列为企业经营中的头等大事。这意味着削减工资和奖金。
相比之下，国有企业在过去两年里得到了巨额注资。这意味着它们可以快速扩张、继续招兵买马，继续为高层管理人开出有竞争力的薪酬。
不过，最有意思的原因或许是，蓬勃发展的房地产市场正把外企挤出中国市场：
“由于历史原因，一些（国有）企业有自己的社区、医院和商场，能够提供免费或低价住房。这是它们能够提供给员工的一项有吸引力的福利，特别是考虑到如果这些员工跳槽走人，就得去面对日益上涨的房价。跳槽附带的高昂成本，会迫使员工三思而行。”
译者/何黎
http://www.ftchinese.com/story/001037024
It used to be that bright young things straight out of Chinese universities would clamour for scarce jobs in the gleaming offices of the world’s shiniest multinationals. Creaking, old-fashioned, monolithic state-owned giants just didn’t have the same appeal.
For top managers the choice was even more stark. At a foreign company, the wages, the prospects , the opportunities were unbeatable. Cue the financial crisis, and now its that’s all changed.
Well at least that’s one of the main findings from a recent management survey from DDI, a global recruitment consultant. It says:
'Unfortunately for multinational corporations, the trend of talent flow has reversed. Now more and more top leaders are joining State-owned Enterprises and China-based private companies. The management turnover rate in Foreign-owned Enterprises, always high, has climbed to more than 25% above the global average. '
There a few reasons given for the new-found preference among ‘top talent’ for Chinese enterprises.
For one, foreign companies are in retrenchment mode. Even in this fast growing market, multinationals surveyed were more likely to cite ‘reducing operational costs’ as their top business priority. That means lower salaries and smaller bonuses.
Contrast that with the huge injections of capital into SOEs in the past 2 years. That has meant they could expand fast, keep hiring, and maintain competitive salaries for high level managers.
But perhaps the most interesting reason is that the booming property market is squeezing out foreign companies:
'For historic reasons, some (State-owned) organizations have their own communities, hospitals, and shopping malls, and can provide free or low-cost housing. This is an attractive benefit to be able to offer employees, especially given that if those employees were to leave they would have to deal with ever-increasing housing prices. The high costs associated with such a move make people think twice before they leave. '
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