美国和中国周三在白宫举行的峰会上就一系列棘手的外交、经济和商业争端展开对话，双方希望这些会谈将有助于稳定充满波折的双边关系。
美方按照接待正式国事访问的礼宾程序，为来访的中国国家主席胡锦涛举行了欢迎仪式，之后美国总统巴拉克•奥巴马(Barack Obama)和胡锦涛举行了3个小时的面对面会谈。
在要求展示访问成果的压力之下，白宫宣布与中方签署了总额450亿美元的出口协议，中方将向霍尼韦尔(Honeywell)、卡特彼勒(Caterpillar)和东芝(Toshiba)旗下的西屋电气(Westinghouse Electric)等采购商品和服务。
450亿美元的总额中，包含了190亿美元的波音(Boeing)飞机，这些订单是2007至2010年间敲定的，如今只是获得了中国政府的最终批准。
胡锦涛访美之际，外界担心中国崛起的影响，对北京敌意日盛。
奥巴马表示，他希望告别有关两国关系的“陈旧观念”，这种观念认为，中国只向美国出口廉价商品，同时通过保持低工资窃取美国就业机会。奥巴马表示：“美中关系比这复杂得多。”
奥巴马在新闻发布会上称赞中国的崛起，表示中国崛起归功于“中国人民”以及在亚洲帮助维护地区稳定的美国军事存在。他同时敦促中国政府会见西藏流亡精神领袖达赖喇嘛的代表。
双方紧张关系在其他地方表现得更为明显：美国国会的四名领导人中，有三人拒绝出席周三晚在白宫举行的国宴。
参议院多数党领袖、民主党人哈里•里德(Harry Reid)在接受电视采访时称胡锦涛是“独裁者”。
白宫在一份声明中表示，中方已同意由政府拨款采购正版软件，并加强在互联网上和图书馆里的知识产权保护。
中国也表示，中方今年将提出一项关于加入国际政府采购机制的修订方案，在中央政府之外，还将涵盖省及地方政府。中方表示，仅中央政府采购金额就多达880亿美元。
美国在公开场合仍保持强硬论调。国务卿希拉里•克林顿(Hillary Clinton)表示，中国应执行美国有关禁止向伊朗出口成品油的单边制裁。
伊朗本身炼油能力不足，但美国官员担心伊朗将通过与中国企业合作来削弱制裁效果。
希拉里在接受电视采访时还表示，双方就朝鲜问题展开“十分热烈的讨论”。
译者/杨远
http://www.ftchinese.com/story/001036591
The US and China squared off over a series of contentious diplomatic, economic and business disputes in a White House summit on Wednesday, in meetings that the two sides hope will stabilise fractious bilateral ties.
Presidents Barack Obama and Hu Jintao held three hours of face-to-face talks following a welcoming ceremony for the Chinese leader laid on with the formality reserved for official state visits to the US.
Under pressure to show results from the trip, the White House announced export deals to China worth $45bn, including goods and services from Honeywell, Caterpillar and Westinghouse Electric, a unit of Toshiba.
The headline $45bn figure included $19bn of Boeing aircraft, sales of which were agreed between 2007 and 2010 and have only now received final Chinese government approval.
Mr Hu has landed in Washington amid rising anxiety and hostility towards Beijing about the impact of China’s rise.
Mr Obama said he wanted to move past the relationship’s “old stereotypes” according to which China only exported cheap goods to the US, stealing jobs along the way by keeping wages low. “The relationship is much more complex than that,” Mr Obama said.
At a press conference, Mr Obama lauded China’s rise, which he said was due to the “Chinese people” and a US military presence in Asia that had helped maintain regional stability. He also urged the Chinese government to meet representatives of the Dalai Lama, Tibet’s exiled spiritual leader.
Tensions were more evident elsewhere, with three of four congressional leaders declining to attend the state dinner at the White House on Wednesday evening.
In a television interview Harry Reid, the Senate majority leader and a Democrat, called Mr Hu a “dictator”.
In a statement, the White House said that China had agreed to allocate government funding to buy legal software and strengthen the enforcement of intellectual property rights on the internet and in libraries.
China also said it would include provincial and local administrations along with the central government in a revised offer it will make this year to join the global regime for government procurement. Central government procurement alone is worth $88bn, Beijing says.
The US maintained its assertive line in public, with Hillary Clinton, secretary of state, saying that China should enforce US unilateral sanctions on exporting refined oil to Iran.
Tehran has inadequate refining capacity of its own, but US officials are worried it will reduce the measures by working with Chinese companies.
She added in a television interview that the two sides were involved in a “very intense discussion” on North Korea.
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